Catalyst California’s calculations based on City of Fresno’s Police Stop Data (2022), Catalyst California, 2024. Analysis covers all officer-initiated traffic stops in 2022 that resulted in a citation. Groups with <5 stops (NHPI and AIAN) are excluded from the chart. Race/ethnicity: AIAN=American Indian or Alaska Native, NHPI=Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, SWANA/SA=Southwest Asian (Middle Eastern) or North African, or South Asian.